Regenerative medicine has been developing quickly. This field often uses multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs), which have special abilities. MMSCs can grow into bone, fat, nerve, cartilage, and muscle cells. These cells can also form structures similar to tiny blood vessels. When given in a targeted way, they can help start the healing process, leading to better function in damaged tissues.
Cells used to treat various diseases come in two types: autologous (your own cells, usually taken from bone marrow or fat tissue) and allogeneic (donated cells, like those from a placenta).
One of the main sources of biological material for making cell products from one person to another is donated human placenta. The placenta is an organ that forms in the womb during pregnancy. It helps the fetus develop and function properly while it is inside the uterus. After the baby is born, the placenta is not needed anymore. It comes out of the uterus soon after the birth, finishing its job. Then it can be frozen in small pieces for a long time to later treat some diseases and improve health.
Difference Between Allogeneic Placenta-Tissue Derived Stem Cells and MMSC’s Derived From Bone Marrow or From Adipose Tissue
After comparing, it’s been found that stem cells from placentas can reproduce more easily compared to stem cells from other places. This is important for making enough cell products for therapy.
Scientists have found out that placental MMSCs have special qualities. They work better and are stronger compared to MMSCs taken from other places. Each cell in the placenta can grow almost twice as fast as cells in bone marrow and fat tissue.
Because the human placenta is big and has a special structure, we can get more MMSCs from it. So, due to this, it takes less time and fewer steps to work with the cells. This helps to lower the chances of any problems that might happen during growing them in a lab.
MMSCs, no matter where they come from, can change how the immune system works. They can calm down the immune system, which makes them useful for treating conditions where the immune system attacks the body, like autoimmune diseases. New research found that stem cells from the placenta are better at regulating the immune system compared to other types of stem cells.
Using these special placenta cells has another big benefit: we can use them right away for patients who really need treatment fast. Some patients are very sick or their disease is getting worse quickly, so we can’t wait to prepare their own cells for therapy.
Furthermore, allogeneic cell products can also be used in different situations where getting bone marrow or fat tissue by surgery is not needed due to:
- The presence of anesthesia contraindications.
- Higher probability of bleeding.
- Long-term use of blood thinner medications.
- The existence of a diseased process in the intended sample anatomical region.
It’s really hard to get enough cells from someone’s body for medical purposes sometimes. This might happen when the person is very thin and doesn’t have much fat under their skin. It can also be tough right after they’ve used drugs that reduce fat.
People with blood disorders or who have been on long-term treatments like hormones, drugs that lower the immune system, or antibiotics can’t have their bone marrow taken out because it might harm their bone marrow cells.
Usually, stem cells taken from healthy people work better for treatments and can be used in others who aren’t related. Placenta tissue cells are very young and strong. They are the most powerful cells you can get after a baby is born.
Placenta-derived MMSCs are very good for therapy because they have a lot of good qualities.
Mechanism of Placenta Stem Cells
Once inside the body, stem cells locate damaged areas and trigger the body’s own repair and renewal processes to fix them. When used as a cell-based treatment, MMSCs can fix broken tissue by sending signals to nearby cells and directly affecting them.
So, using these cells for treatment is good because it doesn’t need drugs that might have bad effects or can’t be used with certain conditions. Also, it doesn’t need surgery, which might not be wanted or possible because of the patient’s age or condition, or for other reasons that make sense.
Which Diseases Can Placenta Cells Be Used to Treat?
Stem cells can help treat many different diseases where tissues are damaged. These diseases include problems with the digestive system, diabetes, heart diseases, asthma, allergies, and various neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s, autism, and multiple sclerosis. Stem cells have special powers that can help the body recover from these medical conditions.
Products made from the placenta can help with making someone healthier and younger.
How Is the Placental Stem Cell Treatment Process Executed?
Before being treated, the biomaterial is kept in a special bank after being frozen with liquid nitrogen. When necessary, we thaw the cells and grow them until we have enough for treatment. Once ready, we give the cell product to the patient. This can be done by putting it into the bloodstream, injecting it into the muscles, or placing it directly where it’s needed.
Products made from stem cells found in placental tissue are available without needing surgery. These products can be used right away for medical reasons. Patients don’t have to go through a long and painful process to get some of their cells to grow.
After getting stem cell treatment, most people can go back to their normal life right away because the recovery time is very short. Sometimes, after a procedure, the body might get a fever. It can happen during or after the procedure. But don’t worry, usually, the fever goes away by itself and doesn’t harm the patient.
Risk and Side Effects of Placenta MMSC
Placenta cells fit all the rules to be called multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, according to the latest standards set by The International Society for Cell Therapy.
MMSCs are special cells that the immune system doesn’t easily notice. This means they can blend in without causing trouble, even if they come from a different person. So, they’re safe to use in treatments without worrying about rejection. These special cells are from females, but they’re important for everyone, not just females.
Before it’s used, scientists check biological cell material to make sure it meets certain standards which includes a high enough proportion of living cells, protection against DNA viruses, and inertness against bacteria and microscopic fungus.
Questions of Ethics Surrounding the Use of Placenta Stromal Cells. Who Made the Donation?
Lots of pregnant women choose to give their placenta for stem cell research after having a baby. They sign a form that says it’s okay to use the placenta for science stuff, and they’re okay with using it to help sick people too. So, the placenta helps in more ways than just its main job.
Placental cells can do many things and are a good choice instead of embryonic stem cells. Using embryonic stem cells has problems because some people think it’s not right. During pregnancy, we don’t collect stem cells from the placenta, and they’re not connected to ending a pregnancy. After a baby is born, sampling happens to the organ. This means taking a small piece of it. This happens after the organ has finished its job. Otherwise, the organ would be thrown away as medical waste.Nobody gets paid to give their placenta for stem cell research. That means there isn’t a secret market for placentas.
So, using stem cells from placenta tissue for sampling is completely safe and harmless for the person donating the tissue. It’s totally legal, following all the rules in the countries where it’s done.
How Can Placental Stem Cells Be Used to Treat Patients?
It is important to know that stem cell treatment is just one part of the whole therapy we do. Based on what the patient needs right now, their treatment might involve getting ready for procedures and then doing exercises and therapies afterward. This could include things like physical therapy, using needles without medicine (dry needling), using special light (laser or ultraviolet) on the blood, a certain kind of brain stimulation called mesodiencephalic modulation, breathing in a special gas called xenon, and more.
We create a plan just for you based on what you need to help you get the best results possible. Treatment can make some diseases go away for a while, stop them from getting worse, or help them get better slowly.
Before you decide, you can talk to our Medical Advisor online to get advice.
- To find out if a therapy will help you and what type might work best for your sickness.
- To find out everything about our programs.
We don’t give placental stem cell therapy to everyone. We can suggest a plan using cell products if we think they could help with a disease and its specific traits. Let’s talk about what you want and what you hope to get out of therapy.
